Organizational knowledge is broadly classified into explicit and tacit. While explicit knowledge is tangible and is captured through processes, documentation, books, videos, etc, the fact is that this forms only a fraction of any organization’s knowledge while the rest of the knowledge bound to peoples’ experiences, intuition, insights, expertise, and personal conclusions is tacit knowledge. 

Recognizing the importance of this tacit knowledge and capturing it in a methodical way to make it explicit is a challenge for most organizations. The tacit knowledge may seem too fluid and inconsistent, but its fluidity is what makes it a powerful innovation tool. The conversion of tacit to explicit knowledge known as externalization is critical for an organization’s long-term success.

One of the most powerful tool for capturing the tacit knowledge is storytelling. As per Davenport and Prusek, Quite often a good story is the best way to impart knowledge.

Let’s discuss below some of the reasons that make storytelling a powerful knowledge transfer tool.

Contextualization – Tacit knowledge is all about experiences and interactions in specific situations. Storytelling is the best medium for any individual to describe narratives that include the background, environment, and emotions associated with a particular situation. This helps in capturing the nuances and subtleties that are often implicit in tacit knowledge. Storytelling allows a seamless leap from information to knowledge as best practices and lessons learned. 

Ideation leading to Innovation – Ideas pave the way for Innovation. Employees have hands on experience with processes, clients, products, and customers. When they collaborate to share their stories while collaborating formally or informally, they create a new paradigm by introducing new ideas with potential for improvement and innovation.

Transfer of Wisdom: Tacit knowledge often involves practical wisdom and judgment that is honed through experience. Through storytelling, individuals can pass on this wisdom by sharing anecdotes, case studies, and examples that illustrate the application of tacit knowledge in real-world situations. These experiences comes in real handy when dealing with complex clients and develop relationships with customer leading to project and organizational success.

Cultural Transmission: Tacit knowledge is often closely tied to an organization’s culture. Through storytelling, organizational values, traditions, and unwritten rules can be conveyed effectively, preserving the cultural aspects of tacit knowledge.

Organic way to learn – The wider purpose of any KM framework is to equip employees with knowledge for greater good of the organization, and the medium of learning is vital. Various studies have proved that story telling is most effective in imparting and capturing of knowledge. Tacit knowledge from experienced members and outgoing employees can be embedded in narratives to help inexperienced employees learn and upskill.

If the question is why stories work so well in knowledge management, then the answer–simply–is that “our brains seem to be wired to easily and almost automatically organize information into stories” (Reamy, 2002).

Knowledge management extends beyond information management and has a significant impact on the organizational innovation quotient, customer services, and sales and delivery processes. Consequently, it plays a crucial role in determining the overall success of an organization and its ability to thrive in a competitive business landscape.

While no universally applicable knowledge management model can be implemented across all companies, each organization needs to develop and adapt its model based on its specific requirements and goals. However, certain fundamental services are common to all knowledge management models. The below article discusses the basic menu that every KM practice serves...

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When you are asked what the KM team does or what it can offer to clients, here is a menu of services that a KM team can provide (non-exhaustive). The overall knowledge management strategy and services are always tailored by the knowledge managers basis the goals, priorities, and needs of the organization. However, the list below provides a quick glance at the scope of knowledge management that goes much beyond bringing knowledge to one place for easy access to the organization. 

Knowledge Management (KM) serves as a powerful catalyst, not only for consolidating knowledge but also for fostering collaboration, innovation, and the acquisition of valuable tools and insights. It empowers individuals to transform knowledge into actionable strategies, ultimately enhancing their professional lives. KM represents a cultural shift that emphasizes the significance of collective knowledge sharing and idea exchange.

Through its services, KM focuses on the profound impact that its adoption can have on growth, employee job satisfaction, service delivery, customer experience, and ultimately, business profitability.

Let’s take a look at some of the key services offered as a part of KM strategy:

CapabilityDescription / Offerings Knowledge Planning
Touchpoint with KM sponsors, SMEs, and leads to understanding their specific goals, requirements, and timelines. Develop Knowledge strategy, plan, roadmap, and project plan to map to the service requirement.
KM Platform Management
and Tracking
KM platform development roadmap. Develop a continuous improvement plan for enhancement. Conduct feedback tracking, metrics, and reporting to measure and track the KM strategy progress.
Content Management
Manage content lifecycle (capture, structure, reuse, and improve). Develop strategies to improve the adoption and awareness. Incorporate feedback mechanisms and track improvement via metrics
Collaboration
and Community Building
Launch collaboration platforms like wikis, discussion forums, and Communities to enable people to collaborate and innovate.Design and spearhead campaigns to facilitate the flow of tacit and explicit knowledge.
Innovation and Cultural Shift
Stay updated on both internal and external trends and introduce new practices and initiatives to enable people to perform their jobs faster and better. Create visibility for the skills, and expertise of people from across the organization and provide opportunities for them to collaborate to help solve key business problems and share their experiences with wider teams.

Lessons Learned are a rich source of knowledge. When applied in the right context they yield a valuable source of information that can become handy first-aid to dealing with some tough water logged situations. So what comes to your mind when someone speaks about Lessons Learned?

The best way to define something is to look at the Gold standard and below are three successful examples that most practitioners quote.

1. US Army (Center for Army Lessons Learned) or CALL leads the Army Lessons Leaned Program (ALLP) and delivers timely and relevant information to resolve gaps, enhance readiness and inform modernization.
2. BP or British Petroleum LLP (Lessons Learnt Program): A key aspect of Lessons Learned is Change Management, Crisis Management and linkable goals to organizational profits; ethical governance and reporting and driving knowledge driven culture. If you study the success factors closely, you would see that it’s the adaptive learning organization that leadership has signed a petition, which makes it the gold standard in Knowledge Management.
3. Hewlett Packard (HP) is one organization that comes to mind when we think of Innovation; where ideas win on merit and a perfect example of a Professional Services firm, where LLP has sustained because of an intensive knowledge sharing culture. It is important to understand that it's not just those winning moments but failures; and it's their Knowledge Capture and Reuse Program that makes tacit to explicit knowledge drive Innovation.

Before we go on to understand the benefits and process for driving a Lessons Learned program, the bigger question is: What are some of the ‘Causes for Failure?'  This is better understood through understanding some of the ‘Behaviors’ - and I present just three below.

1. Nurture Intrapreneurship Allowing anyone who is not directly responsible for P&L to be credited with their insights that contribute to the firm making a profit. This is a tricky especially given global workforce, different cultures and employees of varied experiences we need to establish a framework that rewards teamwork and encourage risk-taking behaviors so even junior employees feel empowered.
2. Develop a questioning mindset: It’s not just the CEO or the leadership but imperative that every field worker or client facing executive asks the question about value-addition, What did we learn from last time and how do we apply it next time are two key checks that the process has to capture in documenting Lessons Learned.
3. Practice Knowledge Harvesting right way: Every Lesson Learned is contextual, yet there are some basic elements such as Problem/Success, Impact, Recommendation, and finally Category, that make this an evolving loop and accessible to a wider network. It's important that the ones using it Rate it and Review it, and it will enhance the quality of the artifact. It’s an agile process and has to be merited that future projects use the knowledgebase and it will evolve.

Below are the some of the Benefits of starting a Lessons Learned Program:

1. Helps reduce organizational spending by not re-inventing the wheel every time you start a new project. We ensure everyone understands and applies these recommendations.
2. Creating a Leaning Environment ensures tacit knowledge is shared, impacting Cost, Quality and Timeliness - three important measures of a service being delivered.
3. Contributes to an organizational culture around after-action reviews, and ensures strong governance around creating long-term business benefits.
Knowledge Dissemination reduces risk of project failures by ensuring any pitfalls that are experiend are shared. The art of storytelling is the key to having everyone's trust involved.
4. Impacts Customer Success from field agents to leadership - everyone benefits from referring to codified knowledge. It's a cyclical process as at times even the customer is involved in sharing feedback, and if analyzed, such feedback can spark innovation.

So what are the key ingredients of a LLP:

1. Mission & Vision alignment is key
2. Focus on building adaptive Learning Organizations
3. Recruit an Organizational OCM Coach
4. Inform Modernization over IT Modernization
5. Drive a sense of urgency with team collaboration

In-Summary

In his Blog on the Lessons Learned Process, author Stan Garfield presents some effective Tools, Methods and further examples of successful LLP Programs.

Dave Snowden says “We need to learn lessons continuously, not just document lessons learned.” It is imperative that in scoping to create a sustainable Lessons Learned System one can forget the focus is on People before Technology.  It is this focus that is key to practice the right behaviors of Nurture Intrapreneurship, Develop a questioning mindset and Practice Knowledge Harvesting right way and more than make it impactful.

Finally, it’s for every organization to realize that the benefits of a LLP can be many however at the core we talk about the five ingredients that make it impactful.

Lastly, ensure Lessons Learned are not a post-mortem review of a project failure but are agile based on everyone in the project team doing retrospectives and meetups through the life cycle of the project from the planning phase that make it an evidence based tool for yielding project output, gaining customer trust and improving future project delivery.

Disclaimer: These are purely my own views and experiences as a seasoned KM practitioner in driving employee engagement and operationalizing the KM strategy through helping employees Connect & Collaborate.

In today’s highly volatile and fast-paced world, quick-response teams play a crucial role in providing swift and effective actions. QRTs, comprised of highly skilled professionals, are at the forefront of emergency management. We have seen the important role QRTs played during the COVID-19 outbreak.
But how do we ensure that our QRTs are always well-equipped to act swiftly and decisively in dynamic situations?

Their effectiveness greatly relies on the availability and accessibility of relevant knowledge. Knowledge management plays a pivotal role in ensuring the agility and preparedness of the Quick Response Teams (QRTs) to effectively manage and resolve emergencies and crises.

Let’s see some of the different ways KM can strengthen the quick response teams

Knowledge Centralization: KM can help in knowledge centralization by abiding silos and ensuring that everyone is working with the most up-to-date data through centralized knowledge basis.

Quick decision-making: Quick response teams are expected to operate in time-sensitive situations. A well-maintained knowledge repository allows team members to quickly access critical information, historical data, and best practices, enabling faster and more informed decision-making for swift action.

Lessons learned: One of the vital components of KM is documenting best practices and lessons learned. QRTs can review and analyze previous responses to similar situations, identifying what worked well and what didn’t to help improve their strategies over time.

Effective onboarding: KM-powered training programs ensure that the collective knowledge and experience of the team are passed on to incoming members, reducing the learning curve and enabling them to get up the speed faster.

Collaboration: Collaboration and real-time communication are crucial in quick response situations and collaboration is an inherent part of the KM framework that enables information sharing, and coordination among team members, even if they are geographically dispersed.

Optimizing resource allocation: KM systems enable better optimization of resources during a quick response, ensuring that the right assets are deployed at the right time and place based on their capabilities and historical usage patterns that are well documented through the KM system.

Risk factor analysis: The KM process helps in documenting and analyzing risk factors associated with different types of emergencies. This information is valuable for QRTs in conducting risk assessments and developing proactive strategies to mitigate potential threats before they escalate.

Continuous Improvement: KM is based on the culture of continuous improvement that can be reviewed by QRTs to regularly review and update their knowledge base based on new insights, changing circumstances, and evolving best practices, ensuring adaptability to dynamic situations.

Tech Union: 2024 and beyond is the time for the perfect marriage of AI and KM. AI and data analytics integration can enhance the capabilities of quick-response teams. Automated data analysis can provide real-time insights, helping teams make data-driven decisions.

The role of KM in strengthening QRTs cannot be emphasized enough. Knowledge management is a crucial facilitator for rapid response teams, equipping them with the necessary tools and information to act promptly, decisively, and efficiently in dynamic and demanding situations.

The KM / AI integration is the latest focus for all KM managers and rightly so.  It is imperative for organizations that still need to embrace this synergy to do so as we transition into the new year, 2024. 

Artificial Intelligence (AI) has become crucial in various organizational operations, and knowledge management is no exception. By harnessing the power of AI technologies, organizations can enhance the efficiency of information gathering, analysis, organization, and retrieval processes.
This, in turn, facilitates improved decision-making and more effective knowledge-sharing among employees.

Let’s see some of the reasons below why knowledge managers need to focus on this integration:

1- Effective Content Search and Retrieval: For any layman, the KM framework is all about making the right content available easily, and effectively. AI by leveraging NLP algorithms can improve the search capabilities of knowledge management systems by providing more accurate and relevant results, faster. 

2 – Efficient Knowledge Organization and Categorization: AI-powered tools can automate the process of categorizing and tagging information, making it easy to organize and retrieve relevant knowledge within the knowledge repositories and communities. This streamlines the knowledge management process, allowing employees to access the information they need promptly and effortlessly.

3 – Enhanced Search and Retrieval: AI-based search can improve search functionalities, enabling employees to find specific information and content artifacts quickly and easily with a wide variety of filters. Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques enable AI systems to understand and interpret user queries, providing more accurate and relevant search results.

4 – Automated Information Gathering: AI can help eliminate the need for manual effort by automating the collection of vast amounts of data from diverse sources. This enables organizations to gather information swiftly and comprehensively, ensuring a more accurate and relevant knowledge base.

5 – Automated Content Creation: AI can help generate informative content, including reports, summaries, and articles. While human expertise remains essential, AI can assist in summarizing lengthy documents or producing routine reports, ultimately saving time and effort for knowledge workers.

6 – Intelligent Analysis: AI algorithms can analyze complex data sets, identifying patterns, trends, and correlations that may not be immediately apparent to human analysts. By leveraging AI’s analytical capabilities, organizations can gain valuable insights from their knowledge repositories, enabling them to make informed decisions.

7 – Intelligent Search Recommendations for Continuous Learning: AI can analyze user preferences, behaviours, and past interactions to offer personalized recommendations based on emerging trends. By suggesting relevant knowledge resources, AI systems can facilitate continuous learning and professional development among employees.

8 – Knowledge Sharing and Collaboration: AI-powered platforms can facilitate seamless knowledge sharing and collaboration among employees. These platforms can identify subject matter experts, connect individuals with similar interests, and foster a culture of knowledge exchange within the organization.

9 – Machine Learning for Insights: By leveraging machine learning models, historical data can be analyzed to uncover hidden patterns, trends, and valuable insights that may elude human analysts. These invaluable insights can inform decision-making processes and shed light on areas where knowledge gaps persist.

10 – Chatbots for Knowledge Support: AI-powered chatbots serve as virtual assistants, offering prompt responses to employees’ inquiries and directing them to pertinent knowledge resources. This real-time support not only boosts employee productivity but also minimizes the necessity for human intervention in routine knowledge-related queries.

In conclusion, AI has the potential to revolutionize knowledge management practices within organizations. Many organizations continue to struggle with KM adoption as people fail to see the continuous value of leveraging KM tools.  By leveraging AI-powered KM systems, organizations can efficiently analyze vast amounts of data, identify patterns, and extract valuable insights.

This allows employees to quickly access pertinent information, empowering them to make well-informed decisions and take prompt action. Additionally, artificial intelligence (AI) can aid in automating repetitive tasks, thereby freeing up valuable time for employees to concentrate on more strategic and innovative pursuits. Consequently, this drives the adoption of a sustainable KM approach for achieving broader organizational success.